Diabetes is a chronic condition that requires continuous management to achieve successful outcomes, which is why it’s important to ensure that treatment is tailored to individual needs. Depending on which type of diabetes a person has, the treatment may involve regular physical activity, medications, and dietary management.
Type 1 diabetes is considered an autoimmune disorder, meaning the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks the beta cells in the pancreas that produce insulin. As a result, the person will produce little or no insulin, and therefore cannot properly regulate glucose levels.
Type 1 Symptoms include:
- Very high blood sugar levels
- Frequent urination
- Excessive eating
Type 2 diabetes is typically caused by insulin resistance, meaning the body’s cells do not respond properly to insulin. When the body is unable to absorb glucose properly, the blood sugar levels remain high. Over time, this can cause serious health problems, such as heart disease, stroke, and vision problems.
Type 2 Symptoms include:
- High blood sugar levels
- Increased hunger
- Fatigue
Diabetes is usually diagnosed through a physical exam and blood tests. Treatment depends on the type of diabetes, but can include lifestyle changes and medications. Lifestyle changes are an important part of managing both Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. These changes tend to include a balanced diet, regular physical activity, and reaching and maintaining a healthy weight.
For Type 1 diabetes, these medications can include insulin, while for Type 2 diabetes, medications may focus on decreasing the amount of glucose in the blood, as well as increasing insulin sensitivity.
With the right diet, exercise, and medication, diabetes can be managed and the progression of the disease can be slowed or even prevented.